A Quick Lesson On Object-Oriented Programming 2019

The idea behind object-oriented programming (OOP) is that a computer program is seen as a collection of individual units (objects) that act on each other. The traditional view of programming is that a program is seen as a collection of functions or procedures, or as a list of instructions to the computer. In object-oriented programming, each object can receive messages or send messages to other objects. It is more flexible, easier to learn and simpler to maintain. It lends itself to more direct analysis, coding and understanding of complex situations and procedures than other programming methods. Translation from real- world objects is eased because there is direct mapping from the real world to the object-oriented program. Programmers define not only the data type of a data structure, but also the functions that can be applied to the data structure. This data structure then becomes an object that includes data and functions. This system enables programmers to create modules that do not need to be changed when a new type of object is added. Thus, the program is easier to modify. .ub3029359fe3f088c47f4f1516d8fb43f { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .ub3029359fe3f088c47f4f1516d8fb43f:active, .ub3029359fe3f088c47f4f1516d8fb43f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .ub3029359fe3f088c47f4f1516d8fb43f { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .ub3029359fe3f088c47f4f1516d8fb43f .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .ub3029359fe3f088c47f4f1516d8fb43f .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .ub3029359fe3f088c47f4f1516d8fb43f:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ A Master's Degree in Criminal Justice ManagementA programming language that is object oriented must be used. Java, C++ and Smalltalk are three of the most popular languages, and Pascal also has an object- oriented version. The underlying concepts behind object-oriented programming must be understood before they can be translated into code. The fundamental concepts include: Class A class is a blueprint or prototype that defines the variables and the methods common to all objects of a certain kind. Object An object is a software bundle of related variables and methods. Software objects are often used to model real-world objects you find in everyday life. Message Software objects interact and communicate with each other using messages. Inheritance A class inherits state and behavior from its super class. Inheritance provides a powerful and natural mechanism for organizing and structuring software programs. Interface An interface is a contract in the form of a collection of method. When a class implements an interface, it promises to implement all of the methods declared in that interface. Abstraction The ability of a program to ignore the details of an objects class and work at a more generic level when appropriate. In summary, the object of object-oriented programming appears to be a more flexible, easily changeable language that is widely popular in large-scale software engineering. For those who want to expand their computer programming skills to include object-oriented programming, there are many online classes and resources to assist in learning its intricacies. The Object Discovery Training Program, for example, provides easily accessible training either on-site, in public classes or with distance learning. .u0c1964fcdbfafb7507bccc9182cba18b { padding:0px; margin: 0; padding-top:1em!important; padding-bottom:1em!important; width:100%; display: block; font-weight:bold; background-color:#eaeaea; border:0!important; border-left:4px solid #34495E!important; box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -moz-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -o-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); -webkit-box-shadow: 0 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.17); text-decoration:none; } .u0c1964fcdbfafb7507bccc9182cba18b:active, .u0c1964fcdbfafb7507bccc9182cba18b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; text-decoration:none; } .u0c1964fcdbfafb7507bccc9182cba18b { transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; } .u0c1964fcdbfafb7507bccc9182cba18b .ctaText { font-weight:bold; color:inherit; text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; } .u0c1964fcdbfafb7507bccc9182cba18b .post Title { color:#000000; text-decoration: underline!important; font-size: 16px; } .u0c1964fcdbfafb7507bccc9182cba18b:hover .postTitle { text-decoration: underline!important; } READ Earning a Bachelor's Degree in Paralegal StudiesHands On Technology Transfer, Inc. offers a 4-day class in many cities, which claims its students will have total proficiency in Object-oriented analysis and design. There is an appropriate training program available for you if your object is become more proficient in computer language programming. Related ArticlesComputer Programming ConceptsAn Introduction to Computer ProgrammingHow to Teach Yourself Computer ProgrammingComputer Programming What is itInformation Technology In Health CareTo C or Not To C That is the Programming Question

Confessions By Augustine Of Hippo - 1839 Words

Confessions is an autobiography that Augustine of Hippo writes to depict his journey of finding the religious truth regarding the origin of evil. In his autobiography, Augustine argues that Christianity possesses the most compelling answer to the origin of evil, and shows that Christianity’s definition evil is the extent that a person has strayed away from God. He argues that human free will leads to sin when a person pursues worldly desires instead of dedicating their lives to God, which in turn causes them to be labelled as evil. The author successfully argues through a series of events that portray Augustine’s decisions to commit sins and follow his desires for worldly things that Christianity’s definition of evil is indeed connected to†¦show more content†¦This illustrates to the audience that evil is not any kind of physical manifestation like the Manicheans teach their followers, but rather that evil is only a label and something that does not exis t on the material plane. Using this line of reasoning, Augustine strengthens his argument that Christianity’s views are more valid and sensible by showing the audience that there is no evil to God and as such, his creations are not initially tainted by sins that lead them to be classified as â€Å"evil†. This connects to Christianity’s definition of evil which states that â€Å"evil was nothing but a privation of good† (Book 3:7) which means that evil is simply the absence of good and therefore, considered as a label of how a person strays away from God. The author uses an autobiography to create a literary version of himself to represent the choices that he made throughout his life and how all of these choices lead him to Christianity. During the story of Augustine’s life, he confesses both to God and to his audience that it is his own decisions that lead him to commit sin. He emphasizes the fact that free will enables people to turn away from God and live a sinful life devoted to worldly pleasures. â€Å"†¦free will is the cause of our doing evil†¦ I willed or was unwilling to do something, I was utterly certain that it was none but myself who willed or was unwilling—and immediately I realized that there

Alcoholic drinking age should be lowered to 18 in the U.S Free Essays

The drinking age in the United States can be considered as a controversial issue because people possess a dubious attitude in legalities of drinking age. In 1980 the minimum age of drinking in the United States was raised from 18 to 21. The intent was to reduce the consumption rates of alcohols and drunken driving among young adults. We will write a custom essay sample on Alcoholic drinking age should be lowered to 18 in the U.S or any similar topic only for you Order Now Age-21 law was implemented at that time and the sale of alcohol to the underage was strictly prohibited (Wiseto Social Issues). These laws are strictly implemented but teenagers are continuing to buy alcohol and drink illegally with fake identification cards. The law is implemented in the United States but it hasn’t stopped underage individuals to stop drinking. Researches and many individuals have stressed on the fact that drinking age must be lowered to 18 in the United States. In this paper we will discuss the arguments that are in favor of lowering the age limit from 21 to 18. Young adults should be allowed to drink in controlled environments like pubs, official functions, taverns etc. Their legal drinking age must be lowered to 19 or 18 and through controlled environment the phenomenon of responsible drinking can be taught. Role modeling and educational programs must be initiated and through these programs a sensible drinking behavior can be expected from young adults. There are many factors like seat belt and air bag usage, education concerning drink oriented programs etc that are responsible for driving problems and accidents during driving. Purchase age is not always responsible for driving problems and accidents during driving. An individual who is 18 years old in America possess the right to marry, the right to vote etc. That is the reason why drinking age must be lowered to 18 because an 18 year old individual is considered to be an adult in United States because 18 is the legal age of adulthood in United States. Dan Levine stresses on the point that an 18 year old individual can serve the military then why he or she cannot drink. Dan Levine states that â€Å"If you can toss a grenade, you should certainly be able to toss back a shot of tequila† (Wiseto Social Issues). People who are 18 years old must be legally allowed to drink and buy alcohol because this would reduce the element of binge drinking (Wechsler and Wuethrich). Through this approach teenagers would not break the law and this would indulge them in adult beverage. The legal age of drinking in every country except United States is 18 or younger. Every year millions of dollars are spent on twenty one year old drinking law and this law is promoted and enforced by the government (Kirk) that could be saved. A Michigan research suggests that in the year 2006, 72.2% of the twelfth graders were reported to drink alcohol at some point in time in their lives. The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse claimed that the 20% of the alcohol revenues come from underage drinking.   Similarly, they added that the amount of alcohol consumed individuals of 21 years and above have remained constant for about forty years (Aretha). In the United States most of the teenagers consume alcohol for the sole purpose of getting drunk. It must be used as a compliment to a meal but teenagers don’t follow this attribute of alcohol. Binge drinking in the United States is getting famous and people are adopting this dangerous habit in which they have unsupervised environments which can be a deadly problem for these young adults. The standards that are set for drinking in the United States have not stopped teenagers from drinking alcohol. Alcohol misuse in the country shows increasing trends and researchers suggest that out of four nearly one full time medical student nationwide met the medical threshold for substance abuse (Brown). Many people in the United States believe that lowering the drinking age is not a viable option because it would actually result in drunken driving fatalities. This might be considered as a truth because a huge number of people are killed in United States because of drunk drivers but United States claims that it has the safest roads in the world. Moreover, 69% of the accidents are from individual who are 21 or above (Merino). How to cite Alcoholic drinking age should be lowered to 18 in the U.S, Papers

Ethics Professionalism and Governance for Ethics - MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theEthics Professionalism and Governancefor ACS Ethics. Answer: Conflict of Interest Introduction Conflict of interest could take place at different levels starting from an individual and takes place in any organisation. It could happen internally within an organisation and in external community. Conflict of Interest is defined as the situation where the personal interest gets priority over the organisational benefit (Frederickson and Ghere 2013). Therefore, this type of conflicts taking place in the managerial level could result in gaining less competitive advantages for a company in a competitive market. Ethical Issues According to the ACS Ethics Framed by Thomas White Network Analyze the Consequences Michael on taking the decision of giving the project to his best friend would help his friend, as he will get the best scope for his company. If Michael gives a chance to his friend, Australian Government would be hurt as the ERP projects needs more modification, which requires more costing. The best friend of IT manager will gain the benefits and the harm would be caused to the Australian government. As the government works for the citizen of the country the citizen will also be harmed because the modification of the software needed to be done is not cost effective. Analyze the Actions The analysis of the actions are based on Australian Computer Society has some of its updated Ethics and Code of Conduct. This includes: The priority given to the public interest: Public interest should be given priority over the personal relationship. ERP being important software in the business market, it should be selected in an appropriate manner (Weiss 2014). Since ERP is been implemented in a government sector no personal relationship should be given space to grow (Acs.org.au, 2017). As government is for the people, public interest should be considered first and the actions should be taken in that way. Enhancement of the Life Quality: ERP is the most competitive software developed by ICT expertise. Since Government is responsible for improving the quality of life of public therefore, ethical decisions that have the ability to harm public life should be avoided (Acs.org.au, 2017). Competence: The competency should be considered while selecting an ERP vendor. The best company should be selected so that the organisation has the scope to gain competitive advantages over the other company (Acs.org.au, 2017). Professional Development: The development that are been achieved by implementing ERP is high. The organisation could gain benefits if the application of ERP is high. Therefore, the manager should be taking every decision ethically and judgmentally correct (Acs.org.au, 2017). Make a Decision The above analysis and the code of conduct according to ACS CODE OF CONDUCT state that the Stakeholder must maintain his honesty towards the organisations. Honesty: The post like IT manager is an important stakeholder position and the employee given the charge of that position should takes decision that does not harm the trust and the position of the stakeholder (Acs.org.au, 2017). Professionalism: ACS is trying to improve the confidence of the public in Information Technology industry. Therefore, the stakeholders who are at important position should show their professionalism towards their position and take Ethical Decisions (Acs.org.au, 2017). The decision-making should be done on the above factors so that no harm is been caused to the citizens. The decision-making is one of the important step as the future of the organisations and the company depends on decision making. Recommendations The IT manger, Michael for protecting the public interest can overcome the personal selection. He should remember the oath of loyalty and duty he has taken for the public during joining. Therefore, he should not violate that for any personal interest. He should maintain his integrity and work for the utility of IT. He should not break the public trust. The automatic choice of company A should come first as it is cost effective and technically sound. The professionalism towards his position should be maintained (Parson 2016). He should not select company B prior to company A. He should convince his best friend that the personal relationship should not be intermixed with professional place and make him understand his responsibility for the stakeholder he bears. Conclusion The higher post of stakeholder faces many ethical dilemmas and to overcome those ethical issues they should analyze by the above rule and framework. If they are taking some unethical measures without analyzing the decisions it may harm the organisation as well as the citizens of the country if the organisation is in public sector. Reference List Acs.org.au.(2017). Search Results.[online] Availableat: https://www.acs.org.au/search.html?q=ethics [Accessed 11 Jan. 2017]. Frederickson, H.G. and Ghere, R.K., 2013.Ethics in public management. ME Sharpe. Parsons, P.J., 2016.Ethics in public relations: A guide to best practice. Kogan Page Publishers. Weiss, J.W., 2014.Business ethics: A stakeholder and issues management approach. Berrett-Koehler Publishers.

Media Images of Women free essay sample

Women who look at thinner and taller women think negatively of themselves; they become insecure and develop a low self-esteem. In todays advertising, people find the best suited person to be in their ads. They only expect young, thin, and tall models to be in them. The advertisers figure the more attractive looking the models are, the more people will look at the advertisements. This is indeed true, because how many commercials or magazines do you encounter that do not have these physical attractions. Why are standards of beauty being imposed on women, the majority of whom are naturally larger and mature than any of the models? The average model is around 511† and weighs about 117lbs. On the other hand, the average woman is usually 54† and weighs close too 140lbs. This is ludicrous, since 80% of women are unhappy with their appearance. Women who are insecure of their bodies are more likely to buy into beauty product and diet supplements. We will write a custom essay sample on Media Images of Women or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is estimated that the diet industry alone is worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion dollars a year selling temporary weight loss; about 90 to 95% of dieters regain the lost weight. Other results lead to depression and unhealthy eating habits. Still, no matter how much weight a woman loses. It is never enough to satisfy a womens thirst for beauty and perfection. Yi 2 Life is always a big competition to everybody, especially for women. When females are constantly exposed to images that conform to the same sociocultural standards of attractiveness from the media, they are sent a message about how they must appear in order to be judged as attractive. For example, you come across a girl who is skinny and pretty, but she isnt satisfied with herself and thinks she is fat or wishes she can lose more weight. This is cause of the media, it makes young women look at thin models and they see themselves as fat in comparison. Honestly, how much weight does a woman need to lose to become satisfied? They do this in order to fish for compliments from other people, so they can feel better about themselves. Woman are blinded from their natural beauty, because they are corrupted by ads shown on T. V commercials and magazines. Popular magazines like People, Rolling Stone or Star. Each one of them you find tall, thin, young physical attractions. Examples are movie stars, models, or big time celebrities, which makes ordinary people think of themselves unattractive. An example of a celebrity is Kim Kardashian. She is beautiful and well known. Young women look up to her and wants to know her secrets to be like her. She is probably in every magazine I have mentioned. She even has her own television show, also she is in many commercials and even has her own perfume brand. People look at her with astonish eyes. Have you ever seen the commercial with the Sketcher: Shape ups with Kim Kardashian in it? It shows how well toned her body is head from toe. It is set at a gym and her kicking her personal trainer to the side and saying, â€Å"I dont need him†,and winks. This is sending a message out saying, buy the shoes Kim is wearing and it will make you beautiful like her. That should not be the way to sell your ads. It is being bias about advertising. Its not like wearing the shoes instantly makes you like Kim Kardashian. Commercials should motivate people rather than showing a unrealistic idea. They should show a positive and healthier way. An example is, they should Yi 3 motivate consumers in their advertisements. The advertisers should have showed Kim exercising with the shoes and made her look like she is working to get that perfect body rather than just wearing the shoes. One celebrity I think highly of is Adele. She is well known singer. She has a beautiful voice, as an angel. She does not have all the physical attraction. She does not have a body like Kim Kardashian but she is still beautiful in her own way. Adeles singing motivates many people who loves her work. Her physical appearance even impresses everybody. We see so many artist, and they all look the same tall, thin, and young. Adele on the other hand, does not fall into that category, which makes her the unique and favorable. People believe anything they see in television or in magazine; it scares me. Is society so sucked into who is more beautiful than one another? They see something they like and they try to be it. Why not be yourself and show your own beauty. Rather than being something you are not. Woman pay too much attention what is in the media and they forget about themselves and their true beauty. Women suffer way to much in order to create a perfect body image to prove to themselves, that they are beautiful. We need to put healthier images of beauty in the advertising business. Maybe even then women would feel a bit better of themselves and bring a healthier lifestyle.

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buy custom Law Case Study essay This case deals with Matthew, an employee at MedX Ltd, who has recently suffered his first injury at work. Matthew was hit on the head by heavy boxes that were not properly stacked, which fell from the 5th tier of the warehouses rack. Another employee using a forklift carelessly stacked these boxes. As a result, Matthew was unconscious due to the hit on his head and woke up in the hospital the next morning. Matthew was not wearing a helmet as required. His injuries consisted of bruising to his face, a cut to his head, which left a permanent scar, dislocation of his right shoulder and further injuries to his legs. On top of these injuries, he now suffers from severe headaches and has to undergo physiotherapy for his shoulder. As a result, Matthew was unable to work for four months, and is unlikely to work for another 6 months, according to his consultant. He has a wife and a daughter and has a joint mortgage on his house. Matthew would like to bring a claim for personal injury and he can do so under tort. Tort as defined by Jacqueline Martin1is a civil wrong. The law of tort protects people, their property, and their reputation. A claim will be brought if someone through his or her breach of duty of care injures you, your property or reputation. Tort is a civil private matter where the claimant seeks compensation and it has a deterrent effect as it encourages individuals to behave more responsibly which is why Matthew is bringing a civil claim, as he does not want to punish but rather seek compensation for the injuries caused. Under the law of tort, lies the tort of negligence. Negligence is whereby the breach of a duty of care results in damage to the claimant undesired by the defendant. The court needs to prove that the claimant suffered a damage; the defendant owed the claimant a duty of care and that it was breached causing the claimant reasonably foreseeable damage. The law of tort recognizes phy sical damage whether it be to him or his property and consequential economic loss. In this case Matthew has suffered physical injury and would like to seek compensation for his pain and suffering. Mathhew has been left with bruising to his face, a cut to his head, which left a permanent scar, dislocation of his right shoulder and further injuries to his legs. On top of these injuries, he now suffers from severe headaches and has to undergo physiotherapy for his shoulder He also has been subjected to consequential economic loss, as he has medical bills, physiotherapy, is unable to work which results in a loss of income for him, his family and his mortgage. Under tort of negligence, duty of care needs to be established. This can be established through the case of Donoghue v Stevenson (1932) and Caparo Industries plc v Dickman (1990). The facts of this case include a friend who bought his friend, the claimant, ginger beer. The sealed bottle had a decomposed snail and the claimant was sick due to the snail. She sued the manufacturer for negligence and she won as the judgment stated that the manufacturer owed the consumers a duty of care. This leads to what Lord Atkins stated, persos who are so closely and directly affected by my act. This is known as the neighbor principle, which defines who owes this duty of care. The caparo test is a broader way of determining duty of care and is done through the three stage test. The damage must be reasonably foreseeable; there must be a relationship of proximity between the claimant and it must be fair for the law to impose this duty of care. In this case the damage is foreseeable as stacking boxes o n high shelf with a forklift needs to be done cautiously. Proximity is the relationship between the employer and the employee which in this case is Medx Ltd and Matthew. `A breach of the duty of care is when someone fails to act as a reasonable man would. This is established through the case of Nettleship v Weston (1971) where the judge ruled that the standard of care should be of an experienced driver even though the defendant was a learner driver. This results in fairness in the courtroom as they treat everyone at the same level of expertise. When analyzing this case we can clearly see that employee x acted negligently which resulted in the accident. However, because this incident happened in the workplace, employee x may not be held liable. Negligence requires causation which is tested with the but for test. But for the defendants negligence would the claimant have suffered? In this case we look at Medx Ltd, if they had supervised the first employee, Matthew would have not been injured. The case of Barnett v Chelsea and Kensington Hospital Management Committee (1968) where three night watchmen who went to the hospital after being sick after drinking tea at work. The doctor did not see the patients and told the men to go home. After a few hours, one man died from arsenic poising and the claimant sued the hospital. However, because the death was not caused as a result of the doctors breach of duty of care, as the arsenic has spread and even if the doctor has seen him he wouldnt have been able to save him. Thus, not allowing the widow to bring a case against them. It is Medx Ltds job to run a secure and orderly system of work and had they been more careful, the injury would have not resulted. The claimant, Mathew, was partly to blame as he was not wearing his helmet as required which is also known as contributory negligence as the damages suffered were partly a result of him not wearing his helmet. But for Matthewss negligence, which in this case is him not wearing his helmet, would he have still suffered? According to his injuries which consist of a dislocated shoulder and injuries to his leg, it shows that yes he should have worn his helmet; however he would have still suffered whilst wearing it. This does not mean that Mathew cannot bring a claim, on the contrary he can, however the damages awarded to him will be apportioned by the amount he was to blame. The general rule in tort law is that a person who authorizes a tort will personally be liable for damage or harm as a result. However, vicarious liability defines the circumstances in which a person is liable for the torts of another without express authorization or raatification. The most common example of vicarious liability is the liability of an employer for the torts of his employees committed in the course of employment. Vicarious liability applies to this case which means that a person, or in this case Medx lTD is responsible for the torts of another, which is the employee who used the forklift. Medx is automatically responsible because the employee who used the forklift is working on behalf of the company, which shows a special relationship which infact he was.The employee must be acting in the case of their employment, which applies to this case as this incident happened leaving the employer liable. Even if one was to argue that the first employee who used the forklift did s o carelessly, the employer will still be held liable. An example from case law is Century Insurance v Northern Ireland Road Transport Board (1942) where the employee was delivering petrol to a garage. The employee lit a cigarette and threw the match while the petrol was being piped which resulted in an explosion leaving the employer liable for the damage caused. There are many reasons why the employer should be held liable, the first being that the company tends to have more money and will be able to pay the compensation if an injury occurs. As the company receives benefits and profits from their employees, they also have to suffer the consequences and pay for losses. The employee has the power to choose who works for them and if they choose a careless individual then they are aware of the risks that come along with that. Finally, the employer must provide a safe workplace that will increase the standards of work and training at their business. Lord Wright stated that the whole cour se of authority consistently recognizes a duty which rests on the employer, and which is personal to the employer, to take reasonable care for the safety of his workmen, whether the employer be an individual, a firm, or a company, and whether or not the employer takes any share in the conduct of the operations. The obligation is threefold, the provision of a competent staff of men, adequate material, and a proper system and effective supervision All in all Matthew can bring a claim against Medx Ltd.Vicarious liability is a legal doctrine that allocates liability for an injury to a person who did not cause the injury but who has a particular legal relationship to the person who did act negligently. In this case, MedX Ltd is liable for Matthewss injuries because even though the it was one employees careless error the company is automatically responsible under. Under tort, there is a responsibility on one person for the failure of another, with whom the person has a special relationship, for instance, doctor and patient, parent and child and in this case employer and employee, to exercise such care as a reasonably prudent person would use under similar circumstances. The most important element to establishing a case for vicarious liability is that the wrongdoer is as in this case anemployee, and that the fault was during the employee's course of employment. Matthew will receive damages in the form of compensation; however the c ourt may deduct money because of his failure to wear a helmet. Buy custom Law Case Study essay

Paper 3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Paper 3 - Essay Example In essence, murder is unethical, immoral, improper, and unjustifiable. It is also inhumane, and unacceptable for the following reasons. The societal norms forbid that any man should not by whatever means contribute to the death of a fellow being. In essence, murder is an evil practice that which no one should opt to as a way of solving a problem. As a matter of principle, committing murder is not an option for me, as I would not prefer another person to end my life prematurely. The law permits that settlement of disputed need to follow a certain procedure and that no citizen should take matters in to their own hands. Therefore, what society condemns falls under the category of evil and not good. Subsequently, the consequences involved are shuttering as the offenders pay a heavy price. In many instances, the judgment imposed may at times be a life sentence. The separation from their families and the society that the individuals experience is one of the consequences that make me view this as improper. Essentially, people that commit murder become outcasts and do not freely mingle with members of the society. In contrast, ethics lead us to moral principles. One chooses whether to adhere to the societal ethics or to live as per their free will. At whatever cost, human dignity and the rights of individuals need, upholding at all times. Moral principles focus on what an individual should do rather than what they should be (Thomson 13). An objection to my claim would be that an individual might commit this crime simply because they may or may not reasonable proof to justify their actions. To society, t his heinous act may be unforgivable, but may be when they access information on the events leading to the act they might change their moral stand and justify the

Is killing animals , or making them suffer, for human ends morally Essay

Is killing animals , or making them suffer, for human ends morally defensible - Essay Example My opinion extends to other human activities that put harm animal which are not necessary, such as poaching or game hunting or animal fights. There is a fundamental moral principle which permits us to share a kind of equal treatment that concerns all human beings and with every kind of differences that exist between and every one of us. I believe that this moral code is not only limited to human beings, but also to other living sentient beings in our environment. I believe that respect for life even extends to non-human living organisms and that animals have every right to be treated with much care and equanimity as we do with a fellow human being. Even if non-human animals are lacking superior and complex rational faculties and capabilities compared to humans, their existence is something to be valued and not to be brushed aside so brusquely. If one were to look at it, an average person would rather dismiss the issue of animal rights while not being able to sit down and swallow the problems of racial discrimination. The reason behind this is that people in general, most of the time ignorantly or unintentionally, have speciesism as part of their mindset. Speciesism could be defined as the belief that one kind of species among all other members of the group is more superior to the rest, therefore the rationale for dominance, subjugation or annihilation of the superior specie against the more inferior. In this case, humanity has seen itself at the highest pedestal of the food chain. Singer made this observation on speciesism in this manner: This attitude reflects a popular prejudice against taking the interests of animals seriously - a prejudice no better founded than the prejudice of white slaveowners against taking the interests of their African slaves seriously. It is easy for us to criticise the prejudices of our grandfathers, from which our fathers freed themselves. It is more difficult to distance ourselves from our own views, so that we can dispassionately search for prejudices among the beliefs and values we hold. What is needed now is a willingness to follow the arguments where they lead, without a prior assumption that the issue is not worth our attention (55-56). I would now come to think that if animals were in the same level as human beings, perhaps in the eyes of a Higher Being such as God, animals were and are still the most abused group of organisms on the Earth. Yet, most of us human beings are not too concerned about this because there is either lack of care or concern. It can be said then that the lack of compassion is what kills animals by human hands. I think there is more to that than just a lack of care for life, something that is more logical. For example, If a person were to be asked whether it is better to put a human being or an animal as a test subject for a scientific experiment that could find a cure for a deadly disease and save millions of lives, would it be certain to say that the person would choose another human being to be put under the knife than an animal? Even if the person being asked was an animal lover or animal rights advocate, I most certainly doubt that any psychologically normal person would choose another human being in a heartbeat. People would rather have an animal go under the experimentation instead since it human beings have more attachment and concern for another human being than an animal. I will not be a hypocrite to say that I know any better about this matter. If being asked the same question, I would

Assess the extent to which the practice of people management has Essay

Assess the extent to which the practice of people management has changed in the switch from personnel management to human resource management - Essay Example This change in attitude of the management gave rise to the concept of human resource management (HRM) through which personnel policies were implemented to maximize organizational integrity, employee commitment, flexibility and quality. However, there have been debates whether HRM has actually changed the management of people as it evolved from personnel management to human resource management, or even whether the roles of the then personnel manager and that of an HR director differ. Personnel management was concerned with obtaining, organising and motivating the human resources required by the corporation, while HRM has been described as â€Å"high-concept personnel management† (Armstrong, 2000). Armstrong believes that policies and practices such as performance appraisal, skill analysis and merit pay have all existed even earlier but they are now packaged differently without any discernible differences in their content. The HRM theory laid emphasis on organizational integrity, employee commitment, flexibility and quality but it was more of a label to wrap around the observable changes. The HRM concept focused on challenging deficiencies in attitude, coherence, direction and scope of the existing personnel management This fad in the name of HRM was growing because in 1990 only 6 percent of the people management specialists used the HR title which grew to 30 percent by 1998 (Caldwell, 2002). This was called HRMism which was a phenomenon that encompassed a nything to do with managing the employment relationship. Alagse contends that personnel management was traditionally aimed at non-managers whereas HRM focused on management development. Some like Armstrong do not believe that there is change in the way people are managed. The ‘progressive’ people management techniques were flourishing even before the emergence of the HRM practices (cited by Caldwell, 2002). As the competitive environment increased, changes in

Conflict Resolution and Communication in Healthcare

Conflict Resolution and Communication in Healthcare Reflective Writing on Critical Incident in the Clinical Experience with Integration of Leadership Theories in Analysis. This write up aims at exploring a conflict that occurred in an urban private hospital concerning a patient, relatives and medical team. Its purpose is to reflect and critically study and understand a clinical incident and use it as a learning episode by use of reflective model. To identify the measures put in place to manage the conflict and the type of leadership skills and leadership theories used to resolve the conflict. Gibbs reflective cycle will be used to expound on the scenario as it unfolded. This is because Gibbs is clear and thus allows description, analysis and evaluation of the experience helping me to make sense of experiences and examines my practice (Gibbs, 1988). Conflict can be defined as disagreement in which the people involved feels that their needs, interests and concerns are threatened. Health care related conflicts are complicated because the care process is ongoing and involving a lot of emotional effort and professional relationships therefore tends to occur frequently and thus interpersonal conflicts, (Johansen, 2012) Incident description I once worked in private urban hospital and while there on my practice I encountered a scenario that left me thinking on how well our patients are informed and involved in their care. On this particular day I reported to work as usual and received the report in a high dependency unit, about the unit and the patients admitted. Special report given was that there were some pending investigative procedures on two patients to be facilitated by one consultant. This investigation were requested on the previous day therefore follow up was to be done during this shift to ensure they are done. After receiving the report we went for quick unit round and assessed the patient status and then the unit manager embarked on contacting the consultant to come and do the tests, efforts to trace him were futile since his phone was not going through. The unit manager contacted the second on call for the same and said that he was out of town thus not in a position of performing the test the same day. In this particular organization the patient and relatives are appraised on daily basis of everything that it’s to be done therefore the relatives were eagerly waiting for the test result when they came back during the visiting. When the relatives came back they wanted to know the test results unfortunately they were not available because the test had not been done, the manager and the doctor covering the unit tried to explain to them in vain. They became very furious and agitated and started using abusive language. Efforts to make them understand were futile. They walked out of the unit to have a discussion among themselves and in 30minutes they were back demanding that their patient be discharged against medical advice so that they can outsource the service elsewhere saying â€Å"you people do not care about our patient but we care about him and we are ready do anything possible to facilitate this test been done†. They signed the form for leaving against medical advice and left. From this episode a crisis meeting was convened to include the medical director, director of nursing the unit in-charge and the doctor who was covering the unit then and a critical analysis and evaluation of the scenario was done and it was resolved that this particular consultant always have an issue with his patient whenever he is on call and therefore it was agreed that the director of medical services and nursing service will meet with the doctor and have a one on one discussion in order to prevent a recurrence. It was also agreed that we follow up on this particular patient and find out what was their progress and whether they went for the test and to even apologize to them and let them understand that we care and patients interest come first and only that there was a problem on that day, the patient was traced and found to be doing well and they never went for the test on that particular day they had to wait until the next since they could not get the service where they went because it’s the same consultant who doing the procedure in that facility and therefore opted to come back to our facility for readmission and they very apologetic and remorseful for the actions â€Å"we regret our action and we want to apologize for unnecessary attention that we demanded for while your efforts was to ensure for better outcome of patient. We are sincerely sorry for the disturbance and our shameful acts† we reassured the relatives and readmitted the patient for continued care. Feelings This experience made me feel like we failed no matter how we tried explaining to the client and his relatives it never seemed to be working. I also felt that we failed to meet our goal of ensuring that patients are satisfied with the services they receive, though the unit manager was very composed throughout this situation and handled the relatives with a lot of care and caution she never seemed to be worked up by their demand. This leader portrayed very good qualities that I really admired and felt that I should emulate, she had a good charisma. Felt that she was a transformational leader because she displayed charisma and we as her juniors followed her way of instituting measures in place. She was able to reason with the relatives and explain on the events as they were unfolding even though they never paid any attention or reasoned with her, she explained of the challenge we were facing in the situation. She engaged the relative by stimulating them to understand through use of logical questions and exploring on their assumptions (Hendel, Fish Galon, 2005). I also felt the manager had some qualities of transactional leader because she was able to monitor the performance and step in to correct the situations as they arose and also utilized passive management since the problem arose unexpectedly and therefore rushed in to handle the situations (Hendel, Fish Galon, 2005). Utilization of these skills gave the manager an upper hand in handling the furious relatives and creating their understanding even though they decided to leave the hospital. Convening a crisis meeting by the management was a very important step as this created an opportunity to address the issue as it happened and come up with solutions to prevent recurrence and provide steps in handling the situation in case it recurs. The affected consultant was also give an opportunity to explain what transpired and he had a genuine reason because he was in theater doing a procedure and he called back to the facility after he was done to inquire why we were calling him them. I felt that the relatives also have role to play during care of their loved by been supportive and establishing a trusting professional relationship with the health professional to establish a common working ground. Decision to withdraw the patient from the hospital was solely made by the relative and the patient felt vulnerable and tossed around since he could not make sound decision there compromising on the patient care in the name of seeking for a service. Evaluation This episode provided a learning situation for me as I experience how difficult it might be in handling clients that you have already established a professional relationship with, and with all efforts to try and let the clients understand the situation by providing them with information. What was good about this incident is that the manager was very calm and composed all through and understood the feelings of the relatives concerning their loved one. She was able to utilize her skills optimally to handle the situation. What was bad about the situation is that the investigation was not carried out and the clients felt ignored or left out and thus opted to leave the hospital and seek services elsewhere as fate would have its way they never accessed the services on the material day because most of them are outsourced and the same consultant does the procedure in the facility they went too. They were embarrassed by their behavior and even come back to apologize on the same and we reassur ed them. Eventually they brought the patient for readmission. Study done in an Israel hospital on conflict resolution on nursing managers indicated that they mostly utilized transformational leadership style because it allows for creativity and flexibility in problem solving and scrutinizing all protocols and policies set to manage situation through critical analysis (Hendel, Fish Galon, 2005). Actions to withdraw the patient and interrupt care compromised on the patient health status and even the expected outcome. Analysis From this situation the patient’s relatives were right in demanding for action because they had been explained about the test, its importance and why the result may be needed to make decision on the way forward in patient’s management. On the same case having not done the test on the same day would not have worsened patient’s condition and still medical management would still be ongoing as we awaited the test to be done. The crisis meeting organized ensured the lasting solution is availed in order to improve on patient care and therefore a ensure quality care leading to better patient outcome. To effectively resolve a conflict a better understanding should be ensured through clear communication and understanding the crisis leading to disagreement. Therefore conflict resolution becomes an important aspect in prevention of errors occurring (Sportsman Hamilton, 2007). The unit manager utilized the transformational theory and understood that followers are an important aspect to facilitate leadership and that the follower is always accountable and with skills to critiques scenarios and issues as they unfold just like the leader does. Similar to the incident the manger took control of the situation vividly which was a learning opportunity for in the unit that day as potential leaders (Daft, 2008). Conclusion From this incident it can be concluded that the health team played their part well though an element of ineffective communication is evident since the relatives were aware that the test needed to be done in order to make decision on the management therefore emphasis had been put across thus explains their fury when it was not done. Leadership experience plays an important role in ensuring or equipping the leader with skills to handle situation in future thus creating an understanding of the theories used in leadership. For one to be effective leader one must learn whom they are what are the strengths and weaknesses establish a personal philosophy and be strong to stand firm and represent what we believe in terms of patients care and skills of conflict resolution (Daft, 2008). Action plan To work as a team is an important aspect of nursing and that effective communication is paramount in ensuring that the patient and relatives are well informed on the care provided to their loved ones. This experience has been an eye opener in me and it has made me realize that I can never be ready to solve a conflict this because each occurrence is always unique and present in a different manner, therefore utilization of leaderships skills become important. This will change the current practice because more emphasis will be on passing information to the relevant bodies. References. Daft, R.L. (2008). The Leadership experience. Mason, OH: SouthWestern. Gibbs, G., (1988) Learning by doing: a guide to teaching and learning methods, Oxford Polytechnic Further Education unit. Hendel T., Fish M Galon V. (2005) Leadership style and choice of strategy in conflict management among Israeli nurse managers in general hospitals; Journal of Nursing Management 13, 137–146 Mary L. Johansen (2012 ) Keeping the peace: Conflict management strategies for nurse managers Nursing Management: 43 ( 2) doi: 10.1097/01.NUMA.0000410920.90831.96 Sportsman S, Hamilton P(2007;). Conflict management styles in the health professions. J Prof Nurs. 23(3):157–166.

True Heroes of Literature: Atticus Finch, Macduff, and the Speaker in

Heroes are typically identified as firemen or police officers -- those who outwardly display courage and strength. While strength and courage are admirable, and even heroic traits, the distinguishing quality of a genuine hero is his/her selflessness. A hero is a person who does the right thing when no one is looking. In literature, there are the heros that are identified for obvious reasons and those that are overlooked because they do not fit a specific criteria. All good literature features a â€Å"backstage† hero, whose actions are not meant to reap personal gain. Possessing moral courage, a true hero does the right thing in the face of adversity. Through altruistic deeds, Atticus Finch, Macduff, and the speaker in â€Å"Porphyria’s Lover† all embody the true definition of a hero. Told through the perspective of his children, To Kill a Mockingbird, showcases Atticus Finch, a lawyer, who is a well respected, moral and righteous man living in a small town in the deep South in the 1930’s. Tom Robinson, a black man, is accused of rape. Because of the nature of the crime and the prejudice in ...

Strategy and Planning Essay

Strategy and planning essay 1. Executive Summary: In this research paper we will briefly discuss about the essential factors that involved in strategic planning and decision making and the change management and the importance of change management. The essay is all about the important strategic tools which can be implemented in order to get an excellent strategic plan. In conclusion the back bone of any organisation which tends to become a success lies upon each and every decision they make and they must take into consideration the forces which act on the macro environment and in the micro environment of the organisation. . Introduction Planning and Strategy are the essential factors which act as the back bone of an organisation. A company with an excellent strategic planning and change management capabilities is sure to get a concrete market stake in this dynamic business environment. Some organizations tend to leave the strategic part of business planning and end up in bankruptcy. S trategy is the way to achieving short and long term goals. Planning is the means of achieving the goals through strategy while exploiting the available resources. 3. Main Body: (a) Strategy and Planning: The term strategy is derived from the Greek word strategos which means the highest ranking army general. So we can derive from these words the importance of strategy and the out come of strategy. Strategy is a tool which helps to create an advantage over the competition in the dynamic business environment. To create a strategic plan for an organisation there are certain constraints which are to be followed in order to achieve the optimum benefits from the decisions we make through strategy and planning.The maximum exploitation of our resources is the key to advantage over the competitors. Marketing is one of the main areas in which a well versed strategic plan can make the organisation to attract customers here the way in which we describe the organizations motives, goals and the de dication to the customers reflect in our adverts. So, cleverly placing the right factors in the right place is a challenge in the strategic planning decision making.In this ever changing business environment the only way of survival of an organisation depends upon the decisions it makes. Thus strategic planning is the key factor to success. In this research we will briefly discuss about the tools of strategy and the outcomes of implementing these tools in an organisation. We will discuss about SWOT analysis, PESTEL analysis and Potter's Five Force. 3 (b). SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis is one of the tools in strategic planning and decision making.This tool helps us to judge the organizations position in the business environment. SWOT stands for Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Threats. Strength – The organizations factors which are most influential with respect to customers, market share, and brand value and so on. The strength of an organisation maybe its good will, an exc ellent customer relationship management and many other sensitive factors which lies on the organizations side. Weakness – The things which are an advantage of the competitor and a disadvantage to our organisation.The weakness factor may depend upon our organizations own business policies and or work ethics which binds us to a corner, the competitors takes advantage of this issue and exploit the opportunity but fine tuning our strategy and decision making will bring in a drastic change. Opportunities – The chance in which all the things fall in line for our organisation to exploit and to make a profit of it is the definition for opportunities. Opportunities can occur due to a change in trend of customers, brand switching an so on.It is wise for an organisation to make use of such opportunities. Threats – The main and most important factor is the threats from rivals and competitors. If an organisation fails to with stand the threats from the competitors then it wi ll surely end up in bankruptcy, the competition may come up with innovative ways of marketing and attracting customers so it is our bounded duty to over come the competitors by creating innovative ways of marketing through strategic planning.Example for SWOT analysis – Soft drink giant: Coca-Cola Strengths One of the most successful organisations of all time. The brand value of Coca-Cola is worth more than $68 million in 2009. the company manages its products over 200 countries with over 700 products which is a gigantic goal to achieve but maintaining it as the leader of its kind is still another battle. People tend to be faithful to the Coca-Cola brand because of its one main product the cola drink.So a wide variety of different products from the company with the same brand name tends to market the products for itself. (www. interbrand. com) Weaknesses The Coca-ColaCompany products are beverages so the main weakness for them is that they have this lobby of beverage segment a nd this is might be their weakness because in the long run they might hit the ground if any other company produces a better beverage. And nowadays people tend to make choices more often than in the past so it is a vulnerable area to be looked upon! OpportunitiesPeople are concerned about their health now more than ever so the introduction of Coke Zero a new product from the Coca-ColaCompany is catching up a considerable amount of market share because of its new distinct taste without added sugar in some countries but basically it's a new drink with zero calories, the company claims!. The company is exploiting the current trend of health criteria. Threats The main competitor of Coca-ColaCompany is the PepsiCo Inc, the Pepsi Cola Company introduces new products in response to the Coca-ColaCompany. The Coca-ColaCompany is trying very hard to cope up with the situation. During 998 the PepsiCo Inc managed to out smart the company. So without the proper strategic planning PepsiCo will soo n go beyond the Coke's victory 3(c). The PESTLE Analysis The most important tool of strategic planning is the PESTEL analysis. The PESTEL analysis is a tool which helps us to judge our position in the market with respect to the macro environment. PESTLE stands for P – Political Forces, E – Economical Forces, S -Social Forces, T -Technological Forces, L – Legislative Forces and E – Environmental Forces. These forces influence the overall performance, market value, finance and customer relationship of the company.We will briefly discuss about the PESTEL forces one by one by implementing into an organisation. Example : Integrated Electronics (INTEL) Semiconductors. The Intel Semiconductors are the producers of the famous Intel microchips which literally runs the computer industry but with some rivals such as AMD Inc (Advanced Micro devices). Here we will apply the PESTEL analysis to know the factors that are influencing the Intel semiconductors. Political : The implementation of new taxes and the internationalism of the products tends to make the company to adhere to strict rules in each country which the company is ventured on.So Intel is focusing upon its new products onto buyers and not on further research and development because of the political pressure around the organisation. Economic: The semiconductor industry is in rise. So, the financial status of the company is rising due to a smaller amount of competitors there is lower amount of threats so the economic factor of the company is in concrete position as of now. Social: The company is present in an ever changing dynamic business environment so it has to be sensitive to changes that occur in the environment and then adapt to the changes that takes place.Technological: The semiconductor industry is ever growing in rapidly increasing speed. So, the technological advancements of the industry must be up to date due to high growth ratio of processors which are used in computers acr oss the globe. The research and development team comes up with new innovative ideas to integrate the previous processing unit into the new one with advanced technology so the computation power increases more than double the time the predecessor microchip used to compute. Legislative:The legal factors are important factors of the company because every country that the company venture into must strictly adhere to that particular country's rules and regulations. Environment: Being a semiconductor company the company must look after environmental issues which affect the world so the semiconductor devices must be environmentally friendly and recycling of the devices plays a vital role in the environmental factor. The company has a good background of making environmentally friendly chips and recycling units so the environmental issue is under control. (http://ivythesis. typepad. com) 3(d). Porter's Five Forces:The porter's five forces is a business strategy tool which is used to analyse t he position of a company and assessing its strength with respect to the competitors in this case new entrants and their impact in this ever changing environment. The porter's five forces are: Existing rivalry among firms Threat of new entrants determinants of supplier power Determinants of buyer power Threat of substitute products Example: AIRBUS The porter's five applied to the Airbus aviation company who have been the most influential carriers of all time apart from Boeing. These two major aircraft companies were literally in a fight for gaining the considerable mount of market share. Since the introduction of Airbus A380 the Boeing Company has lost lot of customers. The new entrant in our case the A380 is so much advanced than the legendary Boeing 747 which literally ruled the skies. The Boeing 747 was a fuel efficient and economically well versed passenger and good carrier aircraft but the major flaw in the Boeing decision making is that it was not concentrating on the future of the aircraft but it produced a wide variant of Boeing 700 series but the cleverly devised strategic plan of Airbus was a nightmare to the Boeing corporation.The A380 has an excellent performance with regardless of its massive size the jumbo jet can people double the time the Boeing 747 used to carry. Since the aviation industry has only fewer concentrations of rivals the market share is huge compared to other industries. So with the new A380, Airbus has a considerable amount of stake in the airline industry. But Boeing's answer to A380 is the new 787 dreamliner. Which is more fuel efficient but in the case of size the A380 outsmarts the Boeing. Importance of Change: The change management in an organisation is the most important factor which influences the future of an organisation.It describes an strategic approach in modifying or altering an organizations internal factors such as teams, individuals etc. there are different ways to achieve the change in an organisation by collabora tive – which is done by providing workshops and seminars explaining about the change to the people working in the organization. Consultative – the people are informed about the change and the feedback of the change is taken into consideration. Directive – the members of the staff are informed about the details of the change and the sensitivity of the change.Coercive – the members are forced to follow the change. Example of Change: The acquisition of Iberia by British Airways The British Airways acquired the Iberia for $7 billion and it made the third largest airline in the world. The member of the staff was quickly adapted to the change in different management team. The Iberia staff members were given a change management session on order to cope up with the new acquisition. The acquisition made the stock holder's value to increase and they were given a 55 percent of the new airline's share. 4. Conclusion:We have so far discussed about some of the Strategi c planning tools and the ways in which they can be exploited. And in conclusion we can say that the way in which we approach the organisation with the necessary tools and strategic planning will make a gigantic impact on the organisation in the present and in the future. In this ever changing business environment the challenge for each organisation is to identify the needs of the customers and to create an appropriate strategic plan to approach the problem which will provide the optimum results which can benefit the customers as well as the organisation. . References SWOT Analysis, [online], Available http://www. marketingteacher. com/Lessons/lesson_swot. htm PESTLE Analysis, [online], Available http://rapidbi. com/pestle/Introduction-to-the-PESTLE-analysis-tool. html Coca-Cola Case Study, [Online], Available http://www. interbrand. com/best_global_brands. aspx http://finance. mapsofworld. com/brand/value/coca-cola. html Intel case Study, [Online], Available http://ivythesis. typepa d. com/term_paper_topics/2009/09/intel-case-study. html Read more: http://www. americanessays. com/study-aids/free-essays/management/strategy-and-planning. php#ixzz2OPwRLxoO

Foreigners in their own country Professor Ramos Blog

Foreigners in their own country Christine Sun Kim’s Tedtalk presentation introduces us to her world. A world without sound. She was born deaf and for some time, she felt excluded from the hearing world because of her deafness. She learned very early that everything she does makes noise, and because of this she became hyper aware of sound. Her self awareness of living in a hearing world makes every action a conscious thought to maintain hearing etiquette. Like not to scrap your utensils, don’t slam doors, don’t burp in public etc A world we don’t even give a second thought, because as hearing individuals this is the world we live in. In Kim’s Tedtalk, she presents to us not only inspiration in her art work but something hidden in-between the lines. The deaf community is a large and very over looked minority group that most hearing individuals simply don’t understand how to interact with, foreigners in their own country. Kim explains in the eyes of society, without a voice, y ou hold no social currency. So in order for her to be seen as an equal or to even be taken seriously by others in the art community, she needs to seek out interpreters that WILL see her as an equal and become her voice. Kim teaches us about deaf culture and encourages us to go out and learn more about the deaf community and its rich diversity. She encourages us that ASL isn’t just for the deaf, just like how music isn’t just for the hearing. This is still an issue that is very much present and dealt with poorly because the lack of education and understanding of deaf awareness. This is a truth most deaf individuals simply live with, for instance going to the movies is un-enjoyable because of outdated equipment and most theaters refuse to have separate show-times for movies to include subtitles. Going out to eat can be exhausting if the server doesn’t know how to interact with someone who is deaf, or worse interacting with a police officer who has never encountered someone who is deaf, the list goes on and on. The ASL sign for â€Å"hearing† is the same sign for â€Å"publicâ€Å". This is something I find disheartening because this implies the public isn’t for the deaf. I have two questions I want everyone to ask themselves, have you ever met someone who was deaf? And what could we do to help deaf individuals feel more included in today’s society as equals without taking away their culture.

Constraints of Convention To Kill a Mocking Bird Essay Example

Constraints of Convention To Kill a Mocking Bird Essay Example Constraints of Convention To Kill a Mocking Bird Essay Constraints of Convention To Kill a Mocking Bird Essay Being subjected to constraints of any kind is an encumbrance many individuals endure at some point throughout their life. However, one’s ability to overcome a challenging situation truly defines them. Harper Lee explored the topic of an individual’s response to living constrained by conventions or circumstances specifically in the novel To Kill a Mockingbird. By developing strongly established customs in the small town of Maycomb, Lee is effectively able to communicate the complex social system and constantly indicates that the root of the problems in Maycomb are connected to the unrealistic conventions that are present. Consequently, many characters in the novel must make difficult decisions – follow along with the traditional community, be able to develop their own stand and live against tradition or a little bit of both, just like Miss. Maudie. Ultimately, the importance of attempting to live unconstrained by conventional boundaries is conveyed and reinforced by Lee’s thoughts about an individuals need for freedom, balance of moral and ethical principles and for the sake of truth and honesty. Everyone should be entitled to freedom, but evidently, people did not believe so in the past. In the 1930s, the economy crash and the Great Depression that followed posed severe difficulty for many individuals. Yet, during that time, society’s conventions were still present. One example of these customs was the racial segregation that separated individuals, giving white people more opportunities than black people. Not only was the current economic situation challenging, but also the segregation removed all possible freedom from the black community. In the novel, Tom Robinson and the other members of his community are simply trying to gain the freedom they deserve as human beings, and Atticus is trying to help them gain this right. When Atticus is making his conclusive speech for Mayella Ewell’s case, he begins to discuss the â€Å"evi

Nurse Practitioner Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Nurse Practitioner - Essay Example They also act as a psychiatric in some cases as their main focus is on the prevention of illness and they do so by educating their patient about his illness and the causes which help him to take preventive measures to avoid illness. The can provide services to patients of all ages, they can treat acute as well as chronic conditions. They also have discretion to provide medications and therapies to their patients. The three primary function of practitioner are to provide prevention, wellness and education to their patients. Their scope of working broadens when they take into care the effect of patient's illness to the people around him along with a focus on patient's condition. This preventive style of care helps reducing the future illness, medications and therapies to the patients and hence lesser expensive treatments. Nurse practitioner may easily provide diagnosis and management facilities to their patient for diseases such as Pneumonia, BP, or Diabetics. This autonomy comes from the specialized training that they receive in their particular area of interest during their degree program for Nurse Practitioner. They are also allowed to obtain medical histories of their patients under care and to decide upon and conduct the type of medical examination they think is appropriate for the patient. They are also allowed to prescribe diagnostic studies such as lab tests, x-rays etc to help gain an insight of the causes of patient's illness. They are also entitled to refer patients to physicians if needed or other professionals for better treatment of patient's illness. And for the reason they have good relationships with most of the physicians and surgeons. Pursuing nurse practitioners as a profession also brings some interference and questioning to your efforts from other medical professionals around you. It is not always the case that the services of a nurse practitioner will be welcomed. Medical professionals some times think nurse practitioner as a threat to their scope of working. Specially the diagnosis and the referral part of working of a nurse practitioner is always questioned and a clear-cut definition of a nurse practitioner's role is yet to be outlined. "There are times that the autonomy of the nurse practitioner is directly challenged by other medical professionals that it is it sometimes difficult for a nurse practitioner like me to work on some specific cases (Wadsworth et al, 2002)". Many medical professionals refuse a nurse practitioner's judgments and decisions just because of the fact that he/she does not a doctor written with his name. According to a study conducted by the RNC Nurse Practitioner Association, refusal to honour the referrals and diagnosis made by nurse practitioner is quite common. "About 44% of the nurse practitioners surveyed by the association reported that their request for X-rays and referrals were refused on the basis that these request and referrals are made by 'nurses, not by doctors' (Jane Ball, 2006)". The refusal from some medical professionals and service providers to honour the requests made by nurse practitioner creates a big obstacle in the practice of NPs' profession. It is sometime not only frustrating but also discouraging to the passion of a NP towards his or

What Is Quantum Physics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

What Is Quantum Physics - Essay Example s paper on blackbody radiation, other scientists who contributed to its development include: Albert Einstein, Werner Heisenberg, Erwin Schroedinger, and Niels Bohr. Meanwhile, Albert Einstein tried to disprove and modify it for many years due to its various theoretical issues with quantum mechanics (Jones, 2011). Quantum physics has five general ideas. First, energy is not continuous but comes in small discrete units. Its elementary particles behave both like particles and like waves, thus such particle movement is said to be in random. Fourth, it is physically impossible to determine the particles’ position and movement at the same time, otherwise when one is precisely known the other has less precise measurement. And lastly, the atomic world is nothing like the world we live in, making it incomparable and less comprehensible than ordinary logic (Feynman, et. al., 2011). Quantum physics evolved into various scientific applications. From the physics world, it has also taken some serious relevance in the fields of agriculture, medicine, even in anthroposophy, and religion. Quantum computers have also managed to break into the mainstream over the last decade as scientists managed to stop light in its tracks, thus overcoming one pratical hurdle, while the first quantumlogic gate was created in 2003 (McKee, 2006). Things so small have an effect. Thus, quantum physics play a significant role in the quantum nature of reality. Earlier, Niel Bohr was once quoted as saying: â€Å"Anyone who is not shocked by quantum theory has not understood it.† It only proves to show how deeply complex and complicated quantum physics is, and how one would simply be completely awed at its magic (Higgo,

Critical Reading and Rhetorical Modes Assignment

Critical Reading and Rhetorical Modes - Assignment Example All this was because an attempt to express herself through different languages that were seen as "illegitimate." Notably, this is evident in the second excerpt when she explains, â€Å"my tongue keep pushing out the wads of cotton, and pushing back the drills and the long thin needles.† Cause and effect is a mode that analyzes the connection between elements and finds a reason for their relationship. For instance, Chicano Spanish is because of the need for identity, means of communication and secrecy among the people had no known original language considered as the cause of the development of Chicano Spanish. Moreover, the author in trying to categorize the different people with whom she shared different language when communicating with has used modes like classification. For example, with Mexican she will speak standard Mexican Spanish. When in her parents companion, she uses Chicano Texas Spanish; with Arizonans, she will use Chicano Spanish and English for California. Lastly, the author in trying to explain the term â€Å"Anglicism† and â€Å"Pachuco† has used definition. Whereby, the author describes it as distorted English and a language of rebellion because it is against both Spanish and English. The language is made up of slang words from both English and Spanish. For example, churo means sure, Simon means

Philosophy and Its Branches Essay Example for Free

Philosophy and Its Branches Essay The study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline. Philosophy is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language. It is distinguished from other ways of addressing such problems by its critical, generally systematic approach and its reliance on rational argument. Origin: Middle English: from Old French philosophie, via Latin from Greek philosophia love of wisdom. Philosophy comes from the Greek for love of wisdom, giving us two important starting points: love (or passion) and wisdom (knowledge, understanding). Philosophy sometimes seems to be pursued without passion as if it were a technical subject. Although there is a role for dispassionate research, philosophy must derive from some passion for the ultimate goal: a reliable, accurate understanding ourselves and our world. Branches of philosophy: The following branches are the main areas of study: †¢Metaphysics is the study of the nature of being and the world. Traditional branches are cosmology and ontology. †¢Epistemology is concerned with the nature and scope of knowledge, and whether knowledge is possible. Among its central concerns has been the challenge posed by skepticism and the relationships between truth, belief, and justification. †¢Ethics, or moral philosophy, is concerned with questions of how persons ought to act or if such questions are answerable. The main branches of ethics are meta-ethics, normative ethics, and applied ethics. †¢Political philosophy is the study of government and the relationship of individuals and communities to the state.

The Definition Of The Concepts Of Time English Literature Essay

The Definition Of The Concepts Of Time English Literature Essay Transcending Temporality: Escaping the Shackles of Linear Time. The concept of time is one which eludes the standard dictionary definition that etymologists so simply thrust upon the more concrete words that compose the English language. Perhaps time defies the ability to be defined as a result of its ubiquitous nature humans find time to be so ordinary that it seems senseless to seek out a method with which to describe it. Perhaps it evades an explanation because society is so fixated on its passage rather than its existence. Or perhaps it cannot be defined because it is merely a figment of the human imagination a method of mental measurement to maintain sanity. Over the course of literatures development, many have strived to craft a novel that serves as an accurate portrayal of the human experience of time. As the modernist literary movement began, this concern shifted towards the forefront, and one author emerged who artfully fashioned a novel that moved beyond the simplicity of plot and instead delved into the depths of the human subconscious. Through her creation of To the Lighthouse, Virginia Woolf produces an avant-garde illustration of the way in which humans undergo the passage of time in order to criticize societys fascination and fixation with the future. Throughout her novel, Woolf collapses the steady progression of linear time and instead utilizes an interplay between the diachronic and synchronic dimensions of time to more accurately demonstrate the way in which humans truly experience times progression. In the late 1980s, a historian by the name of Dominick LaCapra revolutionized the way in which scholars view time. Essentially, The LaCaprian theory of time theorizes time to be a multidimensional phenomenon composed of a structure consisting of both a horizontal and a vertical plane. This horizontal plane is representative of what LaCapra calls diachronic time, or the passing and progression of both commonplace and significant events, while the vertical plane, which represents synchronic time, concerns itself with the passing of time when one fixates upon the minute details of any given event (LaCapra 138). Virginia Woolf, in To the Lighthouse, transcends the simplicity and monotony of diachronic time and interpolates passages th at are written from a synchronic perspective, thus increasing the complexity of her work and allowing her to break free from the constraints caused by a plot based solely on linear time. If Woolf were to write exclusively in the diachronic plane, her depiction of everyday life would not be nearly as profound as synchronic descriptions allow it to be (Gemmill 2). Her synchronic passages give her the ability to convey the details of seemingly simple events that hold deeper symbolic significance. However, it is Woolfs ability to seamlessly transition between diachronic and synchronic descriptions that causes her portrayal of time to be so truthful to the human experience in any given period, one event may seem to fly by quickly while one may notice every minute detail of another. This interchange is facilitated through a use of stream of consciousness narration. By utilizing a stream of consciousness format of narration, Woolf facilitates the ability to slow down the apparent progression of time in order to synchronically highlight the significance of certain moments or memories. As the modernist literary movement reached its peak, a narrative technique known as stream of consciousness became increasingly popular. Stream of consciousness narration allows for insight into the thoughts of a character, presenting them to the reader in the exact method in which an individual would process them. For example, the vivid image painted by Woolf as James is sitting on the floor cutting out pictures from the illustrated catalogue of the Army and Navy stores, endowed the picture of a refrigerator, as his mother [speaks] (Woolf 12) demonstrates James processing of all that is occurring around him, offering insight into his thoughts. While James actions in this moment seem unremarkable, stream of consciousness narration helps to focus on an infinitesimal moment in time and elaborate upon it, a technique which Woolf calls upon often. In essence, Woolf utilizes stream of consciousness narration to enhance the impact of synchronic moments by further lengthening the description of each portion of a moment, much in the way that a specific moment in the human experience can be drawn out by the mind. As Albert Einstein once said, When you sit with a nice girl for two hours, it seems like two minutes. When you sit on a hot stove for two minutes, it seems like two hours-thats relativity. Woolfs use of stream of consciousness allows her audience to experience the progression of time in the same manner as her characters-as they fixate on a moment, so does the audience. The significance of this effect and of Woolfs use of stream of consciousness lies in her choice of when to employ it-she delves into the synchronic dimension of seemingly insignificant moments, focusing on the colors and auras (Stewart 3) of everyday living. Through this method, Woolf captures an authentic recreation of the human experience, henceforth increasing the validity of her criticism of it. In stark contrast with her ability to extend a nanosecond on the synchronic plane, Woolfs use of brackets creates a harsh and unexpected severity and hastiness throughout the second portion of the novel that serves to illuminate societys desensitization to the significance of the moment. Throughout part two of the novel, Time Passes, the harsh typographical appearance of the parenthetical marks [used by Woolf] themselves (Gemmill 3) emphasizes the abrupt nature of Woolfs return to a diachronic description of a linear progression of events. Woolfs return to a dry, dull portrayal of events within these brackets signals a choice to return to linear time as she states that [Prue Ramsay died that summerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] ( Woolf 132) and [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Mr. Carmichael, who was reading Virgil, blew out his candleà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] (Woolf 127) highlights a key syntactical pattern. It is evident that the events depicted within Woolfs brackets reflect simplicity within both their syntax and dict ion, causing them to be portrayed as commonplace even in cases when they are rather tragic. Each set of parentheses contains one or more brief, telegraphic sentences written with simplistic diction and a blatant lack of detail, understating the significance of the event contained within and signaling a shift to a more omniscient perspective (Sang 3). A shift from the personable, relatable stream of consciousness style to this newfound omniscience stems from Woolfs desire to highlight how desensitized society has become to events such as death. To focus upon the synchronic dimension of time is to be personal, dramatic, to embody the carpe diem ideals of seizing each moment. Hence, Woolfs regression to diachronic depictions signals a step away from this ideal, and mirrors modern societys lack of concern with the significance of the moment. While it may be argued that Woolfs use of juxtaposition in terms of color is the most essential tool in the conveyance of her views regarding socie ty (McCarthy 1), it is this ability to delve into and then fall away from a synchronic examination of time that truly buttresses her disdain for humanitys choices. By using a wholly diachronic approach towards the description of death, Woolf downplays its significance to suggest that an individuals priorities are better placed in a concern with life rather than its impending end. As Woolfs characters struggle with the understanding of lifes ephemerality, many of them grasp for some sense of permanence as they preoccupy themselves with the future and whether or not they will be remembered, paralleling that which Woolf believes is currently occurring in society. Mr. Ramsay fears that his work will be easily forgotten as a result of mortality and the brevity of human life, so he seeks out some sort of permanence in the intellectual sphere which he hopes will cause his memory to stand the test of time. His attempts to make a lasting philosophical contribution demonstrate Woolfs views regarding the human need for individuality and competitive success. Essentially, the alacrity of Mr. Ramsays frantic attempts at rising above the rest of society allows insight into Woolfs distaste with the need in todays society to focus on future personal accomplishment rather than happiness in the present. When Mrs. Ramsay dies, causing Mr. Ramsay to [lose] touch with the order of the physical world (Doyle 9), his attempts become scarcer, and his feelings of worthlessness reflect Woolfs view that humans base their sense of self-worth upon their permanence. This fixation with that which will come in the future is also visible in the character of Lily Briscoe. Lily dreads the fact that one day her paintings will be thrown into the attic and never again seen by the rest of society, leading to a fear of lifes ephemerality reminiscent of Mr. Ramsays. Whereas Ramsay searches for permanence in the intellectual world, Lily turns to her artwork for comfort. Her paintings act as methods of synchronically capturing events in diachronic time, exhibiting the dichotomy between the two dimensions of time and leading to insight as to Woolfs intent. Lilys paintings being forgotten parallels society forgetting the significance of that which has occurred and is occurring as a result of a preoccupation with the future and that which is to come. The colors included within Lilys paintings are ones which often are associated with cheerfulness or happiness (Stewart 2), symbolically indicating that Woolf believes humanity is forgetting the joy that is connected with living life. In addition, Woolf includes many aspects of her life into the novel, and it is often argued that Lily may be a representation of Woolf herself, signaling that Woolf has undergone an inner struggle similar to this one (Brivic 9). Woolfs personal connection to this issue may serve as an explanation as to why she wishes for her knowledge to take on a didactic tone regarding a carpe diem mentality. Finally, during the denouement of the novel, Lily Briscoe comes to terms with the fact that her life is ephemeral and that time will progress after she is gone, further demonstrating Woolfs views regarding societys obsession with permanence. Lilys ability to finally fulfill her artistic vision comes only after letting go of her need for permanence as she [lays] down [her] brush in extreme fatigue (Woolf 209) in the last line of the novel. This final portion of the novel is written in an extremely synchronic manner as Woolf painstakingly drags out every last moment of the plot, capturing the significance of each and every detail and underscoring the significance an instant of time can have. This is done in order to mirror the human experience of self-actualization as Lily reaches a sense of closure, further validating Woolfs portrayal of time. Because this closure comes only once Lily has accepted the inevitableness of the ephemerality and transience of a mortal life, it is indisputab le that Woolfs aim is to didactically demonstrate the downfalls of an obsession with the future and a refusal to accept the temporary nature of ones time on earth. This conclusion to the novel reinforces the significance of this fascination-fundamentally, Woolf posits that without recognizing the aspects of life that are truly important, humanity will not be able to reach the same self-actualization that Lily is able to accomplish. Woolf essentially wishes to persuade her audience that embracing the synchronic dimension of time (Gemmill 5) and leading a life focused on the present rather than the future is the most meaningful manner in which to spend a lifetime. By meticulously illustrating the human experience of relativity and the progression of time through the approach of a two-dimensional interplay, Virginia Woolf is able to point out a key fault in modern society. Her emphasis on societys fixation with the future and straying from a carpe diem lifestyle illuminates a potentially dangerous characteristic of that which humanity is becoming. Essentially, To the Lighthouse reveals that societys path towards living without being able to appreciate the significance and importance of each and every moment in time is one which will ultimately lead to its downfall if not reversed.

a brief story :: essays research papers fc

A brief story   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Having lived in the United States for over four years, I find myself working harder and harder every day and not getting anywhere. Until finally I got a break of a lifetime, I have find a job that would not only pay me a few bucks more, and why not. Working at a fast food restaurant was not something I wanted to do for the rest of my life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  So anyhow, that break came when I applied with a prestige airline. Who ever would think that I would’ve gotten such a job. This airline was looking for a responsible person, personal skills, and the ability to work under pressure. Tired of working my behind for only a few pennies, I went for an interview, and to my surprise I received a phone call the following morning from the person who interviewed me, telling me that I have gotten hired, that I got the job. I felt so happy and relieved to hear the good news, and promptly asked when could I start working?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before starting my new job I had to go through training. They explained to me every single detail about the company, the companies rules, etc. Within two weeks I had the job of a Customer Representative. Handling phone calls from left to right, and handling customer’s accounts.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Anyhow, let me speed up the story a little. I’ve been working with this company for over a year now, and it has sure brought me a lot of fun and of course, lets not forget the stress too. But no matter what the consequences, I am satisfied with my new job. I tell you, working for an airline sure has its good and bad side. What are the good sides of working at an airline? For one thing you get to travel for free, almost anywhere in the country. I for instance have taken a few trips of my own. I have been to New York, Atlantic City, Texas, Florida, and San Francisco, just to name some of the place I’ve visited. Florida, was, well, I guess what everyone expects it to be. I got the chance to go to Disney World, and to some of its beaches. I took a lot of pictures, and dance till my feet could not move any more. I interacted with different kinds of people, which it was sort of fun in a way too.

Career Development Plan Part Iv †Compensation Essay

Now that we have structured our new team, identified their roles, identified ways to manage their performance and created an appraisal system we are now proposing a new compensation plan. This part will outline the plan, describe how it will help motivate employee performance, describe our total rewards program and outline how this program will benefit the individual and InterClean. Account Executive Financial Compensation Plan Compensation structures can be broken down into two distinct categories, financial and non-financial (Cascio, 2006). This section overviews the financial compensation plan for account executives, which includes pay and benefits. Account executive pay will be primarily commission based. Each account executive will receive a base salary at minimum wage, with the rest of their salary coming from commission. We feel that a generous commission structure will motivate performance because pay will have a direct correlation with sales volume. We structured our proposed commission plan to reflect InterClean new strategic direction (University of Phoenix, 2007), and how employees are rated in their quarterly appraisal. This means a focus on retention, up-selling and volume. Account executives will receive 8% commission on sales for the first six-months of revenue. 10% commission on sales after six-months of continuous revenue. 13% commission on sales after one-year of continuous revenue. 13% commission on up-sells and account executives that meet their quarterly sales volume will also receive a bonus equaling 3% of total revenue earned. New Business Account Executive, The New Business Account Executive has different goals, and therefore a different pay scale will apply. He or she will receive a base salary of $30,000 per year, plus a 3% quarterly commission on revenues earned from the accounts he or she acquired. We feel that this structure will adequately reflect the difference between new account acquisition and account retention. Cumulatively, the maximum amount of commission paid on revenues to account executives would be 19%. In related to the benefits Account Executives will receive the standard benefits due to all InterClean employees, including; †¢ Health Insurance with employee share of cost †¢ 401k match 14 days paid vacation †¢ 6 days sick time †¢ Health, Financial, Stress and Motivational Counseling through our employee wellness program. Managerial Financial Compensation Plan The managerial financial compensation plan will focus on overall team performance. We feel that creating a plan that rewards managers for team performance helps ensure management’s focus on creating a strong team that meets financial objec tives. Managers will receive a base salary dependent on their pay grade, ranging from $50,000 annual for the solution expert and $65,000 annually for the sales manager. The rest of their salary will be based on team performance as 3% commission on total revenues per quarter of all account executives that have met his or her goal, and 2% on total revenues per quarter if all account executives meet their goals. We feel that paying based on meeting objectives, and sharing in total revenues accomplishes two important things such as rewards managers who ensure account executives meet their goals by providing the tools and support they need. And it encourages over-achieving by not setting a limit on revenue sharing. In terms of the benefits, managerial employees share in the aforementioned benefits, and are given one additional week of paid vacation (five days) per year. As mentioned, compensation does not only include financial compensation; there are certain non-financial rewards that motivate employee performance, increase loyalty and decrease turnover. The following non-financial rewards were chosen based on a survey conducted in the United Kingdom (Employee Benefits, 2006) as additional â€Å"perks† for employees. Sales Employees, All sales employees are eligible the following reward package flexible working arrangements. Employees can work at home when appropriate on dates arranged between them and their manager. Flexible work time is the top-rated non-financial reward in the UK survey (Employee Benefits, 2006) and offering such an arrangement can increase productivity by diminishing stress caused by work-life conflicts. And corporate gym membership also ranked high on the survey, and using our corporate pull to offer a free membership not only encourages wellness, but exercise has countless benefits such as stress relief, increased creativity, and energy. Also, we will include employee discount at restaurants. Using the promise of higher volume by internally promoting local restaurants to our employees, HR has arranged for employee discounts at local restaurants. This benefit decreases the costs of lunch for our employees and gives them another reason to value InterClean. Managerial Rewards, The following rewards are available to managers in addition to the preceding rewards available to all employees such as use of company vehicle: Surprisingly, the UK survey listed â€Å"sports car as company vehicle† as the number one â€Å"benefit they don’t receive but wish they had† (Employee Benefits, 2006, para4. . Company gas card, not only should our sales manager ride in prestige, but we understand that the majority of driving they do benefits our company, so they also have use of our company gas card. The compensation and rewards system outlined in this plan are geared to motivate performance by tying pay directly to the revenue gained for InterClean. Our new strategy of fo cusing on solution-based selling (University of Phoenix, 2007) means we must grow retention, up selling, and total volume. This plan rewards all three by reducing the base pay of account executives, increasing commission and tiering commission based on retention and up selling. We reward achievers and not low-performers. Tying managerial pay directly to the performance of the team rewards good managers (Vigoda-Gadot & Angert, 2007. ) Finally, offering a substantial but not overly high base pay takes into account fluctuating economic and environmental constraints. Offering bonuses quarterly rather than annual avoids penalizing employees for one bad quarter, which can happen to even the best sales person. Finally, our reward system is built to make InterClean a great place to work, that values the employees well-being and offers perks as part of the job. Offering this reward system can help InterClean retain the best possible account executives and managers (Cascio, 2006). Because we offer competitive pay and creative rewards that ease the work-life conundrum, and add a certain level of prestige to those who work for InterClean.